Alcohol: The family name of a form into groups of organic chemical compounds compos of carbon.

Alcohol: The family name of a form into groups of organic chemical compounds compos of carbon, inflammable air and oxygen. The series of atoms vary in chain length and are compos of a hydrocarbon plus a hydroxyl group; CH(3)-[(CH(2))subn]-OH (eg methanol, ethanol, and tertiary butyl alcohol). view Fuel Ethanol.

Anthracite: The highest rank of coal; used primarily for residential and commercial space heating. It is a hard, brittle, and black lustrous coal, many times referred to as hard coal, containing a high percentage of fixed carbon and a subdued percentage of volatile matter. The moisture make easy of fresh-mined anthracite generally is les than 15 percent The heat contentment of anthracite ranges from 22 to 28 million Btu by short ton on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis. The heat peace of anthracite coal consumed in the United States averages 25 million Btu by short ton, on the as-received basis (i.e., containing one as well as the other inherent moisture and mineral matter). Note: Since the 1980's, anthracite refuse or mine waste has been used for steam-electric power generation. This firing typically has a heat easy in mind of 15 million Btu for ton or less.

Asphalt: A dark-brown-to-black cement-like material containing bitumens as the predominant constituents obtained on petroleum processing. The definition includes immature asphalt as well as the following finished products: attachs fluxes, the asphalt content of emulsions (exclusive of water), and mineral oil distillates blended with asphalt to make cutback asphalts.

ASTM: The American Society for Testing and Materials.

Aviation Gasoline Blending Components: Naphthas that will be used for blending or compounding into finished aviation gasoline (eg straight scour gasoline, alkylate, reformate, benzene, toluene, and xylene) precludes oxygenates (alcohols, ethers), butane, and pentanes plus.

Aviation Gasoline, Finished: A mingled mixture of relatively volatile hydrocarbons with or without small quantities of additives, mingleed to form a fuel suitable for use in aviation reciprocating engines. firing specifications are provided in ASTM Specification D 910 and Military Specification MIL-G-5572. Note: Data forward blending components are not judgeed in data on finished aviation gasoline.

Barrel (Petroleum): A unit of convolution equal to 42 U.S. gallons.

Base Gas: The dimensions of gas needed as a permanent inventory to maintain adequate subterraneous storage reservoir pressures and deliverability rates completely through the withdrawal season. All native gas is included in the base gas volume

Biomass: Organic nonfossil material of biological origin constituting a renewable intensity source. See Ethanol, Wood efficiency and Waste Energy.

Bituminous Coal: A close coal, usually black, sometimes dark brown repeatedly with well-defined bands of bright and stolid material, used primarily as firing in steam-electric power generation, with substantial quantities also used for heat and power applications in manufacturing and to make coke Bituminous coal is the mostly abundant coal in active U mining regions. Its moisture make contented usually is less than 20 percent The heat peace of bituminous coal ranges from 21 to 30 million Btu by short ton on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis. The heat make contented of bituminous coal consumed in the United States averages 24 million Btu by short ton, on the as-received basis (i.e., containing the two inherent moisture and mineral matter).

Black Liquor: A byproduct of the paper production proces alkaline exhausted liquor, that can be used as a source of efficacy Alkaline spent liquor is remov from the digesters in the proces of chemically pulping thicket After evaporation, the residual "black" liquor is calcineed as a fuel in a recruiting furnace that permits the recuperation of certain basic chemicals.

British Thermal Unit (Btu): The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 triturate of liquid water by 1 step Fahrenheit at the temperature at which water has its greatest density (approximately 39 orders Fahrenheit). See Heat Content of a Quantity of firing material Gross and Heat Content of a Quantity of firing Net.

Btu: behold British Thermal Unit.

Butane: A normally gaseous straight-chain or branched-chain hydrocarbon ([Csub4][Hsub10]) It is extracted from natural gas or refinery gas streams. It includes isobutane and normal butane and is designated in ASTM Specification D1835 and Gas Processors Association Specifications for commercial butane.

Isobutane: A normally gaseous branched-chain hydrocarbon. It is a colorless paraffinic gas that boils at a temperature of 109[degrees] F It is extracted from natural gas or refinery gas streams.

Normal Butane: A normally gaseous straight-chain hydrocarbon. It is a colorless paraffinic gas that boils at a temperature of 311[degrees] F It is extracted from natural gas or refinery gas streams.

Butylene: An olefinic hydrocarbon ([Csub4][Hsub8]) restoreed from refinery processes.

Capacity Factor: The ratio of the electrical mechanical value produced by a generating unit for a given period of time to the electrical spiritedness that could have been produc at continuous full-power operation during the same period.